澳門《維護國家安全法》修改的制度邏輯與規範評析
李志遠

摘要：
為貫徹總體國家安全觀、彌補原有國安法的不足以及持續落實特區憲制責任，澳門特區修訂了第2/2009號法律《維護國家安全法》，新修訂的法律於2023年5月30日正式生效。本次修法涉及多方面內容，包括從單行刑法提升為澳門維護國安的綜合性法律；強化國安頂層架構決策機制；完善危害國安犯罪的刑法懲治；完善國安犯罪的刑事訴訟制度；引入三項國安風險預防性措施等。修法貫徹“尊重傳統”和“保障人權”兩大原則，在維護國安和保障人權之間達至平衡。

關鍵詞：
總體國家安全觀 綜合性法律 刑事懲治 預防性措施 人權保障

Institutional Logic and Normative Analysis of the Amendment t o Macao’s Law on Safeguarding National Security
Li Zhiyuan

Abstract：
To pursue a holistic approach to national security, address the deficiencies of the original national security legislation, and continuously fulfill the Special Administrative Region’s constitutional responsibilities, the Macao SAR has amended Law No.2/2009 - Law on Safeguarding National Security. The newly amended law officially came into effect on 30 May 2023. This amendment encompasses various aspects, including elevating the legislation from a standalone criminal statute to a comprehensive law for safeguarding national security in Macao; strengthening the decision-making mechanism of top-level framework on national security; improving the criminal punishment for offenses endangering national security; refining the criminal procedure system for national security crimes; and introducing three preventive measures against national security risks. The amendment adheres to two major principles of “respecting tradition” and “protecting human rights,” thereby striking a balance between safeguarding national security and protecting human rights.

Key words：
A Holistic Approach to National Security Comprehensive Law Criminal Punishment Preventive Measures Human Rights Protection

DOI：
https://doi.org/10.63334/esfsmjournal.i10.2026.09.03